222Rn and CO2 monitoring in soil and indoor atmosphere to understand changes in the gaseous dynamics of Rull cave (Spain)

Abstract Rull cave is a karstic located in Vall d’Ebo (Alicante, Southeast of Spain) developed massive Miocene conglomerates and Cretaceous limestones. Processes soil above outdoor atmosphere directly influence the underground environment cave. Continuous discrete monitoring (from 2012 to 2022) allows characterise spatial distribution temporal variations gaseous concentration ( 222 Rn CO 2 ) understand relationship between processes which occurred 3-component system (soil-cave-atmosphere). Besides presence visitors, maintains stable values mean temperature (16.2 °C) relative humidity (97.6%). In an annual cycle presents two different stages (stagnation ventilation). Maximum average are reached within stagnation stage, warmest period year. On contrary, ventilation stage (in coldest months) reaches lowest concentrations its inner atmosphere. For study period, daily 2008 ppm 1745 Bq/m 3 , respectively. Results show that dynamics air follow patterns defined by complex relationships external internal factors. Findings from this provide substantial information about environmental situation terms quality for visitors workers.